左派反對派的女傑——陳碧蘭 The female Chinese leftist opposition revolutionary - Chen Bilan

 陳碧蘭(1902-1987) Chen Bilan

（陳碧蘭的回憶錄 "My Memories"）

湖北省黃陂縣人，中共早期著名婦運領袖，中國托派彭述之之妻。大革命失敗後，擁護陳獨秀路線，反對斯大林的共產國際以及當時黨內的主流意見。1950年，彭述之一家經香港到越南，不久移居歐美。

　　從1929年起，她作為首批者之一參加了中國托洛茨基主義運動，繼續革命工作，在蔣介石國民黨的白色恐怖中進行地下活動。彭述之等人被國民黨政權逮捕判刑後，她在重重壓迫下負起養育兒女的責任，以寫稿和供職來維持全家生活。《婦女問題論文集》一書，是集合她在報刊上用陳碧雲名字發表過的文章而編成的。金仲華為該書寫《序》，稱譽作者是「一位真正從事於婦女運動而且瞭解婦女問題的女子」。

　　抗戰爆發促使南京當局提前釋放彭述之等托派成員。陳碧蘭與彭述之（中國托派領袖），在抗戰期間留在上海領導地下革命工作。他們的同志因領導工人罷工而被日本佔領當局所拘禁，他們又成了搜捕的對象（彭述之在千鈞一髮的圍搜中逃過被捕）。

　　日本投降後，陳碧蘭同志們在上海公開出版了兩份月刊：她負責主編《青年與婦女》（後改名《新聲》）；彭述之則主編《求真雜誌》，通過它們擴散政治影響，發展組織力量。

　　1948年末，陳碧蘭等鑒於中共一向對托派污蔑和極端敵視，自知不能容於中共統治之下，不得不轉移到海外。數年後，中共拘禁了全國所有托派份子，其中許多人被監禁達四分一世紀以上。

　　陳碧蘭和彭述之、劉家良轉赴越南後，劉家良為越共所害，他們恐又遭越共毒手，於是前往歐洲。在越南以及在歐洲的一段期間，他們的生活十分艱苦，甚至要做手工勞動，賺取低廉工資以補助生計。

　　他們流亡國外，更密切地參與了第四國際運動的工作，並關注各國（尤其是中國）的局勢發展，時常著文提出評論和主張。在法國的最初幾年，陳碧蘭開始撰寫《我的回憶》一書，記述她幾十年參加鬥爭（特別是1925—27年革命）的經歷、理解和評論。

Born in Huangpi County, Hubei Province, Chen Bilan is a famous leader of the women's movement in the early days of the Communist Party of China, and the wife of Peng Shuzhi, a Trotskyist in China. After the failure of the Great Revolution(1925 - 1927), he supported Chen Duxiu and opposed Stalin's Comintern and the mainstream views in the party. In 1950, Peng Shuzhi's family went to Vietnam via Hong Kong, and soon immigrated to Europe and the United States.

From 1929, she joined the Trotskyist movement in China as one of the first, continued revolutionary work, and carried out underground activities in the White Terror of Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang. After Peng Shuzhi and others were arrested and sentenced by the Kuomintang regime, she took up the responsibility of raising children under heavy oppression, and maintained the family life by writing and serving. "Women's Issues Essays" is a collection of articles she published under the name of Chen Biyun in newspapers and magazines. Jin Zhonghua should have written the "Preface" and praised the author as "a woman who is truly engaged in the women's movement and understands women's issues."

The outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War prompted the Nanjing authorities to release Peng Shuzhi and other Trotskyists ahead of schedule. Chen Bilan and Peng Shuzhi (Chinese Trotskyite leaders) stayed in Shanghai to lead the underground revolutionary work during the Anti-Japanese War. Their comrades were detained by the Japanese occupation authorities for leading the workers' strike, and they were the targets of manhunts (Peng Shuzhi escaped arrest in a close call).

After Japan surrendered, Chen Bilan and his colleagues published bimonthly magazines in Shanghai: she was in charge of editing "Youth and Women" (later renamed "New Voice"); Peng Shuzhi was the editor of "Journal of Truth", through which they spread political influence and developed organizations. strength. At the end of 1948, Chen Bilan and others had to move overseas due to the CCP's slander and extreme hostility towards the Trotskyites. Years later, the CCP detained all Trotskyists in the country, many of whom had been imprisoned for more than a quarter of a century. After Chen Bilan, Peng Shuzhi and Liu Jialiang moved to Vietnam, Liu Jialiang was harmed by the Viet Cong, and they were afraid of being poisoned by the Viet Cong, so they went to Europe. In Vietnam and for a period of time in Europe, they lived a very hard life, even doing manual labor and earning low wages to supplement their livelihoods. They went into exile abroad and were more closely involved in the work of the Fourth International movement, and they followed the development of the situation in various countries (especially China), and often wrote articles to make comments and propositions. During her early years in France, Chen Bilan began to write "My Memories", which chronicled her experience, understanding and commentary on her decades of participation in the struggle (especially the 1925-27 revolution).